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Licenses: Difference between revisions
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AFAIK only used by the german portal neppstar for free music and video. Anyway, it seems to be a valid free license. | AFAIK only used by the german portal neppstar for free music and video. Anyway, it seems to be a valid free license. | ||
=== MIT License === | === MIT License === | ||
Revision as of 19:07, 2 August 2021
Comparison of Licenses
| License | Intended scope | Copyleft | Practical modifiability | Attribution | Related rights | Access control prohibition | Worldwide applicability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Against DRM | Works of art | Normal | No | Copyright notice | Granted | Licensor & Licensee | Exact translations |
| CC0 Public Domain Dedication | Generic | No | No | No | No | No | Same license (English version) |
| Creative Commons Attribution | Generic | No | No | Yes | No | Yes | National adaptations |
| Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike | Generic | Normal | No | Yes | No | Yes | National adaptations |
| Design Science License | Generic, optimally science data | Normal | Yes | Copyright notice | No | No | Same license (English version) |
| Free Art License | Works of art | Normal | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Exact translations (French law) |
| FreeBSD Documentation License | Documentation | No | Yes | Copyright notice | Yes | Yes | Same license (English version) |
| GNU Free Documentation License | Documentation | Normal | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Same license (English version) |
| GNU Lesser General Public License | Generic, optimally Software | Weak | Yes | Copyright notice | Yes | Yes | Same license (English version) |
| GNU General Public License | Generic, optimally Software | Strong | Yes | Copyright notice | Yes | Version 3 prohibits "Tivoisation" in certain cases | Same license (English version) |
| Lizenz für Freie Inhalte | Generic | Normal | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unknown (license text is German) |
| MirOS Licence | Generic (software, content, …) | No | Yes | Copyright notice | Yes | No | Same licence (English version) |
| MIT License | Software | No | Yes | Copyright notice | Yes | Yes | Same license (English version) |
List of licenses
Against DRM
- current version: 2.0
- author: Free Creations
- reference URL (English): https://web.archive.org/web/20170327160245/http://www.freecreations.org:80/Against_DRM2.html
- reference URL (Spanish): https://web.archive.org/web/20160702030610/http://www.freecreations.org/Against_DRM2_es1.html
BSD-like non-copyleft licenses
In parallel with the set of GNU licenses (including the GNU GPL), the free software world evolved a number of very simple permissive (copyfree) licenses. These licenses are so simple that no dedicated text is needed to expose the terms of the license. To reuse such a license, you must take its text and replace the copyright notice with your own. Since these licenses are non-copyleft, changing the license text in such a way does not prevent reuse between works from happening.
Regardless of their wording, these licenses always grant the user very broad rights, including the right to modify and distribute without supplying any source code. Also, their concise wording makes them simple to understand and unambiguous as to their effects.
These licenses are often called "BSD-like" because the first occurrence of such a license has been the license under which the Berkeley Software Distribution (one of the first free versions of Unix) was shipped to users.
One should distinguish the original BSD license with its controversial advertising clause from the revised BSD license that does not have the advertising clause.
CC0 Public Domain Dedication
CERN OHL
The CERN Open Hardware License (CERN OHL) is a license used in open-source hardware projects (OSHW).
Creative Commons Attribution
Design Science License
- Not maintained anymore
- License text (English)
FreeBSD Documentation License
- author: FreeBSD Project
- reference URL: http://www.freebsd.org/copyright/freebsd-doc-license.html
Although especially written for the FreeBSD project, this license shows you how to draft a very simple non-copyleft license for documentation works.
Free Art License
- Aliases: License Arte Libre, FAL, LAL
- Current version: 1.3
- author: Copyleft Attitude
- License text (English, version 1.3)
- License text (French)
GNU Free Documentation License
- Aliases: GNU FDL, GFDL, FDL
- Current version: 1.3
- License text (English)
Invariant sections
Invariant sections are a special provision of the GFDL which, if used, prevent anyone from modifying the parts of the work which are defined as "invariant". The Free Software Foundation finds it useful to protect some special "non-functional" parts of the work, like a statement of intent (the motivation for invariant sections was, allegedly, to prevent the GNU Manifesto to be removed or modified in GNU documentations).
We believe, however, that freedom should apply to all kind of works, and that what is "functional" in one situation can be "artistic" in another - and vice-versa. Consequently, a work using invariant sections to forbid some kinds of modifications to the work cannot be considered completely free.
Unless additional permissions are granted, all FDL works contain unmodifiable sections which aren't called Invariant Sections, such as a copy of the license embedded in the document itself.
GNU General Public License
- Aliases: GNU GPL, GPL
- Current version: 3.0
- Author: Free Software Foundation
- License text (English)
The GNU GPL is, according to various statistics, probably the most used free software license. It was also the first license to implement the concept of copyleft, guaranteeing that "GPL'ed" free software cannot become, or take part in, non-free software.
Although the GPL is primarily intended for software programs, it is worded so as to apply to many different kinds of works. The main condition for the GPL to be applicable to a type of work is that it admits the notion of a preferred form of a work for making modifications to it (be it source code in a computer language, music score notation, digital graphics under a format retaining structure, etc.). For example, there are many occurrences of text or graphics released under the GPL.
Lizenz für Freie Inhalte
- Aliases: LFFI
- License Text (German)
AFAIK only used by the german portal neppstar for free music and video. Anyway, it seems to be a valid free license.
MIT License
- author: MIT
- reference URL: http://www.opensource.org/osi3.0/licenses/mit-license.php
This license is arguably the simplest form of the BSD-like licenses for software. All the license, except for the no-warranty statement, is condensed in two short paragraphs.
There are variants, like the current BSD license which has an additional provision forbidding endorsement of derived works using the name of the original authors.
Open Publication License
The Open Publication License (OPL) was among the earliest open-content licenses -- it predates the 2002 GFDL by over 3 years.
The Fedora project selected the OPL for their documentation. (At various times, the Fedora project released their documentation under the GNU FDL, the OPL, and CC-by-SA. See https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Archive:Relicensing_OPL_to_CC_BY_SA?rd=Relicensing_OPL_to_CC_BY_SA http://iquaid.org/2009/07/06/why-relicense-fedora-documentation-and-wiki-content/ for details).
Open Source Hardware
Open Source Hardware OSHW is apparently "a standard by which to evaluate licenses for hardware designs".